What Is Globalization Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What Is Globalization - Research Proposal Example  Another word for globalization is a trade. Generally, the ongoing structure and improvement of the world can be credited to globalization on the grounds that the innovative progression has occurred because of the very trade of assets and administrations among nations. While there are a few highlights of globalization identified with various angles including monetary, social, and political, yet â€Å"where it has had a most telling effect is in major and emotional increments in worldwide exchange and trades in an open, incorporated and borderless universal environment† (Pere). Globalization has especially expanded because of the approach of the Internet. The Internet has permitted individuals to associate with each other, make companions, and trade thoughts and assessments without being constrained by the geographic limits. Globalization has assumed a significant job in the trading of ability around the world. Nowadays, the Internet is utilized to select skilled individuals from everywhere throughout the world. â€Å"Globalization has transformed us into an organization that look through the world, to sell or to the source, yet to discover scholarly capital - the universes best abilities and most prominent ideas† (Welch refered to in Kulkarni). Bosses utilize long range interpersonal communication locales like Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn to get familiar with the up-and-comers they are thinking about employing. Constructive outcomes of globalization incorporate expanded information on world societies; expanded comprehension of the standards and qualities, patterns and conventions of various individuals; monetary reinforcing and improvement of the immature nations.

Dating Methods Essay -- essays papers

General Differances Between Relative and Absolute Dating Methods Getting dates for fossils that are found in destinations being exhumed by anthropologist is significant. Dates show the advancement from early primate examples to our own species, Homo homo sapiens. There are numerous strategies that can be utilized to gain these dates, however these strategies can be categorized as one of two catorgories. They can either give a flat out date or a family member date. An outright date is one in which you get a real date in a long time. Otherwise called chronometric techniques. Relative dates do not give a real date as far as years, however they let you know whether one fossil is more established or more youthful than another fossil. Ushally relative dates are given regarding the segment of earth they are found in. This is called striatigraphy. In destinations like Olduvai gorge their are geographical layers of vocanic debris and dregs. At the point when an anthropologist finds a fossil in a undistirbed layer of dark debris, you realize that it is more youthful than the fossil in the layer of red debris beneath, and that fossil is more youthful than the fossil in the layer of earthy colored debris beneath it.(Johanson 65) The fundamental hypothesis here is that a certian site cantians a geolgical segment key that is comprised of differant layers, the fossils get more seasoned as they descend the key, what's more, are found in differant layers of strata..(Scully 2) Relative dates have a few significant issues. One is that the earth moves from various perspectives and this can distrube the layers of silt putting more youthful fossils underneath more seasoned ones. Another is that you can not tell precisely how much more youthful or more seasoned something is from somethinng else and you can not date differant fossils from differant locales with thes relative dating techniques. Outright dating, in contrast to realative dating, gives the anthropologist a definite date as far as calander years. These dating techniques are substantially more dependable and can be utilized in numerous differant locales with numerous differant fossils. Outright dating puts together it’s dates with respect to the regular radioactivity of differant components found in the world.(Johnston 216) There are certian components that happen in differant structures, these components are called isotopes. Every single one of these isotopes has a differant nuclear mass than others. Some of thes isotopes are radioactive, implying that they give of radiation in either alpha or beta structure, as they de... ... has a half-life. C14 is the radioactive isotope of rearular carbon, c12. The cocentration of C14 in the body is one billionth of a gram in the body to one gram of C12. This C14 is contantly rotting, yet through creatures and plants breathing it is replenashed when an life form is alive. At the point when the creature bites the dust the C14 consumption stops and a rot that isn't replenashed.(Comas 456) During life a life form have a particular movement of 15.6 disintigrations per minuate per gram of normal carbon in thier body.(Comas 456) â€Å"After life and C14 consumption stop and the balance is ended, radioactive disintigration of C14 happens, also, following 5,700 years this movement will have diminished to 7.8 disintigratuions per minuate per gram of carbon in the body.’(Comas 457) This implies the proportion of C14 to C12 left in the fossil when it is found can give a date in years. Carbon-14 dating has a half-existence of 5,700 years, with the lower breaking point of 1,000 years. As far as possible used to be around 30,000 a long time on the grounds that after that the proportion was excessively little to analis. As of late reaserch by Haring and deVires has let researcher put the maximum breaking point at 100,000 years old.(Comas 457)

Your February Updates Notes Form

Your February Updates Notes Form Hi Everyone, The MIT February Updates Notes Form is now available on MyMIT. Wait! Before you fill this form out, please read some important info below. First, though, relax! This is easy, and you dont need to worry about getting it wrong dont stress! What is it? The MIT February Updates Notes Form is an online form that is required of all students (including those admitted or deferred in Early Action), and is to be completed by you, the applicant. This form serves two purposes: to share your newest grades, and give you an opportunity to mention other updates since you submitted your application. Who should fill it out? Everyone! Even those already accepted in Early Action. When should I fill it out? As soon as possible after grades are available for the fall semester or second quarter. (If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades, even if we already have them.) Please send us the form once your grades are released, OR by February 15th, whichever is earlier. The form must be submitted no later than February 15th. Wait! I wont have any grades before February 15th! Even if you have no new grades to report, you should still complete the February Updates Notes Form. You should then submit your midyear grades to us as soon as theyre available. My counselor/school already sent my midyear grades. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You are still required to complete the form with your latest grades. My school does not provide midyear grades or progress reports. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. I am homeschooled. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You should provide any and all grades available for classes youve taken in your current academic year. I am no longer attending school. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. Got it. Ok, how do I fill this form out? The form has fields for you to report your coursework and grades. This is similar to the Self-Reported Coursework Form from the Part 2 of the application, except that were only looking for current-year courses and grades. And were only looking for this from students with something to report. If youre in a school that doesnt have midyear grades, or youve already graduated, dont worry, youre all set just skip this section.? Next, we have provided you with a simple text box. This is the best place for any new updates you want us to know about. Remember, the final date to submit the FUN Form is February 15th. But wait, theres not enough space in the updates section! Feel free to write in bullet points or use more casual language. This section has a maximum of 250 words. I know thats not a lot, but do your best to be concise. How do I fill out the grades section? Make it clean please. Like this: BC Calculus 89 IB Chemistry HL 97 Japanese A- Or, if you have quarter grades: Biology A, A- AP Economics 96,92 Or, if you feel like you need to explain something put it only in the subject section like this: Java I (taken at B.C.C.) A+ multivariable Calc (Online) Pass In the Grades box, please list only grades, no text. For example, it is sufficient to write B+ rather than B+ (Final grade) or B+ (online course). If your transcript provides quarter grades and a midterm exam grade but no semester grade, you should list the quarter grades and the midterm exam grade. Dont create your own average, or report your best guess as to what your grade will be. If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades. If you have more classes to report grades for than spaces available, just continue reporting them in the updates text box. Other special circumstances? Some schools including many international schools have no concept of midyear grades. This is okay. You can ignore the text boxes and simply choose the option, I attend a school that does not provide midyear grades. Report your grades just the way they would appear on your transcript. No need to convert them to a letter system. If you need to explain your schools grading system, just put it in the updates section.? Some schools will not release midyear grades until after the February Updates Notes deadline of February 15th. This is okay. You should choose the option Semester grades will be available on ______________________ and I will mail or fax them to you at that time. (Dont forget to actually do that once theyre available too.)? Some of you have graduated already and have no new grades to report. You should choose the option, Im not currently attending school; MIT has all of my grades. You got all that? We are looking forward to getting your form on time. Thanks for taking care of business! Your February Updates Notes Form Hi Everyone, The MIT February Updates Notes Form is now available on MyMIT. Wait! Before you fill this form out, please read some important info below. First, though, relax! This is easy, and you don’t need to worry about “getting it wrong” don’t stress! What is it? The MIT February Updates Notes Form is an online form that is required of all students (including those admitted or deferred in Early Action), and is to be completed by you, the applicant. This form serves two purposes: to share your newest grades, and give you an opportunity to mention other updates since you submitted your application. Who should fill it out? Everyone! Even those already accepted in Early Action. When should I fill it out? As soon as possible after grades are available for the fall semester or second quarter. (If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades, even if we already have them.) Please send us the form once your grades are released, OR by February 15th, whichever is earlier. The form must be submitted no later than February 15th. Wait! I won’t have any grades before February 15th! Even if you have no new grades to report, you should still complete the February Updates Notes Form. You should then submit your midyear grades to us as soon as they’re available. My counselor/school already sent my midyear grades. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You are still required to complete the form with your latest grades. My school does not provide midyear grades or progress reports. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. I am homeschooled. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You should provide any and all grades available for classes you’ve taken in your current academic year. I am no longer attending school. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. Got it. Ok, how do I fill this form out? The form has fields for you to report your coursework and grades. This is similar to the Self-Reported Coursework Form from the Part 2 of the application, except that were only looking for current-year courses and grades. And were only looking for this from students with something to report. If youre in a school that doesnt have midyear grades, or youve already graduated, dont worry, youre all set â€" just skip this section. Next, we have provided you with a simple text box. This is the best place for any new updates you want us to know about. Remember, the final date to submit the FUN Form is February 15th. But wait, theres not enough space in the updates section! Feel free to write in bullet points or use more casual language. This section has a maximum of 250 words. I know that’s not a lot, but do your best to be concise. How do I fill out the grades section? Make it clean please. Like this: BC Calculus 89 IB Chemistry HL 97 Japanese A- Or, if you have quarter grades: Biology A, A- AP Economics 96,92 Or, if you feel like you need to explain something â€" put it only in the subject section like this: Java I (taken at B.C.C.) A+ multivariable Calc (Online) Pass In the Grades box, please list only grades, no text. For example, it is sufficient to write B+ rather than B+ (Final grade) or B+ (online course). If your transcript provides quarter grades and a midterm exam grade but no semester grade, you should list the quarter grades and the midterm exam grade. Don’t create your own average, or report your best guess as to what your grade will be. If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades. If you have more classes to report grades for than spaces available, just continue reporting them in the updates text box. Other special circumstances? Some schools including many international schools have no concept of midyear grades. This is okay. You can ignore the text boxes and simply choose the option, I attend a school that does not provide midyear grades. Report your grades just the way they would appear on your transcript. No need to convert them to a letter system. If you need to explain your school’s grading system, just put it in the updates section. Some schools will not release midyear grades until after the February Updates Notes deadline of February 15th. This is okay. You should choose the option Semester grades will be available on ______________________ and I will mail or fax them to you at that time. (Don’t forget to actually do that once they’re available too.) Some of you have graduated already and have no new grades to report. You should choose the option, I’m not currently attending school; MIT has all of my grades. You got all that? We are looking forward to getting your form on time. Thanks for taking care of business! Post Tagged #FAQs #FUN (February Updates and Notes) form #FUN form Your February Updates Notes Form Hi Everyone, The MIT February Updates Notes Form is now available on MyMIT. Wait! Before you fill this form out, please read some important info below. First, though, relax! This is easy, and you dont need to worry about getting it wrong dont stress! What is it? The MIT February Updates Notes Form is an online form that is required of all students (including those admitted or deferred in Early Action), and is to be completed by you, the applicant. This form serves two purposes: to share your newest grades, and give you an opportunity to mention other updates since you submitted your application. Who should fill it out? Everyone! Even those already accepted in Early Action. When should I fill it out? As soon as possible after grades are available for the fall semester or second quarter. (If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades, even if we already have them.) Please send us the form once your grades are released, OR by February 15th, whichever is earlier. The form must be submitted no later than February 15th. Wait! I wont have any grades before February 15th! Even if you have no new grades to report, you should still complete the February Updates Notes Form. You should then submit your midyear grades to us as soon as theyre available. My counselor/school already sent my midyear grades. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You are still required to complete the form with your latest grades. My school does not provide midyear grades or progress reports. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. I am homeschooled. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. You should provide any and all grades available for classes youve taken in your current academic year. I am no longer attending school. Do I still need to submit the form? Yes. There is an option where you can indicate this. Got it. Ok, how do I fill this form out? The form has fields for you to report your coursework and grades. This is similar to the Self-Reported Coursework Form from the Part 2 of the application, except that were only looking for current-year courses and grades. And were only looking for this from students with something to report. If youre in a school that doesnt have midyear grades, or youve already graduated, dont worry, youre all set just skip this section.? Next, we have provided you with a simple text box. This is the best place for any new updates you want us to know about. Feel free to write in bullet points or use more casual language. This section has a maximum of 250 words. I know thats not a lot, but do your best to be concise. Remember, the final date to submit the FUN Form is February 15th. ? How do I fill out the grades section? Make it clean please. Like this: Biology A+ AP Calculus A- Or, if you have quarter grades: English A, B+ Japanese 95,88 Or, if you feel like you need to explain something put it only in the subject section like this: Java I (taken at B.C.C.) A+ Multivariable Calc (Online) Pass In the Grades box, please list only grades, no text. For example, it is sufficient to write B+ rather than B+ (Final grade) or B+ (online course). If your transcript provides quarter grades and a midterm exam grade but no semester grade, you should list the quarter grades and the midterm exam grade. Dont create your own average, or report your best guess as to what your grade will be.? If your school uses a trimester schedule, please use your first trimester grades. If you have more classes to report grades for than spaces available, just continue reporting them in the updates text box. Other special circumstances? Some schools including many international schools have no concept of midyear grades. This is okay. You can ignore the text boxes and simply choose the option, I attend a school that does not provide midyear grades. Report your grades just the way they would appear on your transcript. No need to convert them to a letter system. If you need to explain your schools grading system, just put it in the updates section.? Some schools will not release midyear grades until after the February Updates Notes deadline of February 15th. This is okay. You should choose the option Semester grades will be available on ______________________ and I will mail or fax them to you at that time. (Dont forget to actually do that once theyre available too.)? Some of you have graduated already and have no new grades to report. You should choose the option, Im not currently attending school; MIT has all of my grades. You got all that? We are looking forward to getting your form on time. Thanks for taking care of business!

Five Propositions for Exploring World Music Essay

Music 407 Chapter 1: What is world music? A Point of Departure: Five Propositions for Exploring World Music 1. The basic property of all music is SOUND * Tone – the duration (length), frequency (pitch), amplitude (loudness), timbre (quality of sound). * All sounds have the potential to be tones 2. The sounds (and silences) that comprise a musical work organized in some way * Music is a form of organized sound * Listening: CD 1:1 (Beethoven’s Symphony #9) CD 1:2 (Japanese gagaku) 3. Sounds are organized into music by people thus; music is a form of humanly organized sound * Music is a human phenomenon * Human creation vs. sounds found in nature 4. Music is a product of human intention and perception†¦show more content†¦Africa – to play the Cora you must be from the proper family lineage. * Music can be the property of a village. Also, this can be from a certain group. You don’t cross groups. * Music not treated as property at all * Music owned by individuals * Patronage – someone supports it * Patronage of music * Support of musicians - * Sources have direct link to style and designations of music Transmission of Music and Musical Knowledge * Music transmission * Production and reception * Composition – the person who creates * Interpretation – making music your own * Improvisation – Example: Jazz†¦ making things up based on a specific melody.Show MoreRelatedThe Alchemist By Paulo Coelho1358 Words   |  6 Pagestalks and discussions about people or events. In short, I did not fit there. After months of exploring new kinds of philosophies, I was reading western materialistic philosophies and scientific journals. I came across existentialism which affected me in ways I could not imagine. To add, I combined it with the meaning of life in biochemical terms. What are we? Many influential philosophers claim the proposition of freewill like it is the law of nature. Probably it is. We do not have freewill! Our everyRead MoreWorship and Music1824 Words   |  8 PagesPassionately Pursing our God in Music and Worship Music is of God’s creation and an integral part of our lives, yet much of the current experience is one of the most emotionally charged and divisive issues facing the Christian Church, families, and individuals in America today. Pastors, worship leaders, trained musicians, and believers in general face new and powerful forces of change - forces that bring renewal to some churches and fear and schism to others. No one can sidestep the hot debateRead MoreReflection On Self Evaluation / Reflections1612 Words   |  7 Pagesenvironmental and etc. The purpose is the main reason for what I am writing. If I do not know what to talk about then I will not have a decent paper at all. The genre is simply the form in which the statements are being made if it’s through poetry, speech, music etc. Dating back to high school, I was not offered many opportunities to create a draft or receive feedback. In high school we learned about a paper and then it is due the following day or a few days later. I always had that one final grade on onlyRead MoreDigital Disruption On Business Governance1656 Words   |  7 Pages ISYS2423 Individual Report Name: Brian Au Student Number: 3333937 Topic: Digital Disruption Introduction The business world continues to change dramatically as new technologies are invented. Organizations and businesses are experiencing waves of technological change and innovation and the process. Thus, management strategies of the organizations have to be altered to match the new technologies if businesses are to remain competitive and active in the market place. Digital disruptionRead MoreRadio Stations Of New Zealand2210 Words   |  9 Pagesmore radio stations in New Zealand per head of population than any other country in the world. This means individual stations need to jostle for their unique positioning in the market. One way to evaluate the similarities and differences between radio stations is to conduct a Content analysis. Radio stations define their market positionings through differences in structure, talk focus, announcing style, music, advertisements, self-promotion, competitions, types of callers and news information. WeRead MoreStrategic Management of Nokia’s Or ganization2461 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"In a world where every one can be connected, we take a very human approach to technology† Nokia.com said. Nokia starts its introduction to the global market by that statement as vision to get people always connected. Nokia is the world’s largest and leading manufacturer of mobile telephones and network equipments, which owns an approximately 36% of the global market share. The competition and the fighting for the top spot in cell phones supplier are the goals where of the value proposition is setRead MoreThe Theory Of Knowledge Is Power2243 Words   |  9 Pagesmanages the way individuals get educated. It is part of our reality, and in order for things to change; there must be a change in the already instilled system. The solutions to the ongoing problem are through Ethnomethodology, which relates to Mehans Five Features of Reality: reflexive activity, a coherent body of knowledge, interactional activity, fragility of reali ty, and the permeability of reality, or through Conflict Theory. However, even with these two methods of possible change, the possibilityRead MoreDigital vs Print21238 Words   |  85 PagesBlekinge Institute of Technology   An Economic Perspective: The Future of Digital versus Print Media with a focus on the cultural products of books and music This thesis identifies two of the major media industries: Books and music and investigates the future of digital media and its implications on the printed media. By Imtiaz Lakhani Supervisor: Assistant Professor Philippe Rouchy Master’s Thesis in Business Administration, MBA programme Fall 2010 MBA  Thesis  2010  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  Author:  Imtiaz  Lakhani  Read MoreSocial Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace34799 Words   |  140 Pages To achieve better performance for other two companies, Facebook is suggested to improve its value proposition and provide more social media services based on young people’s needs, to include new mechanisms that can maintain customer relationship, to have new revenue channels like increase virtual item sales and bind with telecommunication services. For Myspace, it is critical to enhance main music solution service in order to keep its competitive advantage. Real name registration policy should beRead MoreSocial Media Business Model Analysis - Case Tencent, Facebook, and Myspace34799 Words   |  140 Pages To achieve better performance for other two companies, Facebook is suggested to improve its value proposition and provide more social media services based on young people’s needs, to inc lude new mechanisms that can maintain customer relationship, to have new revenue channels like increase virtual item sales and bind with telecommunication services. For Myspace, it is critical to enhance main music solution service in order to keep its competitive advantage. Real name registration policy should be

Public Health - 2465 Words

Principles and Foundations of Health Education and Promotion, 5e (Cottrell et al.) Chapter 1 A Background for the Profession 1) Which of the following phrases best describes the authors view of the status of health education? Health education is A) a calling. B) a profession. C) an applied discipline. D) an emerging profession. Answer: D 2) The body of knowledge, principles, and concepts used in health education/promotion come from a variety of disciplines. Which one of the following is not one the major disciplines supporting health education/promotion? A) Physics B) Biology C) Sociology D) Medical sciences Answer: A 3) Which one of those below is not used to define a profession? A profession A) has a code of ethics. B) provides†¦show more content†¦Answer: C 17) The primary role of a health education specialist includes A) delivering health education/promotion programs and evaluating health education/promotion programs. B) developing health education/promotion programs for the people they serve and evaluating health education/promotion programs. C) assessing the needs and diagnosing medical problems. D) serving as a resource person, communicating with the public and marketing health education/promotion programs. Answer: B 18) Which of the following steps is generally found in most planning models? A) Learning activities B) Needs assessment C) Policy commitment D) Review of self-help materials Answer: B 19) The primary role of a health education specialist includes all of the following EXCEPT A) program development. B) program evaluation. C) program planning. D) program redirection. Answer: D 20) According to the best available estimates, behavioral patterns impact what portion of the populations early death? A) 70% B) 40% C) 30% D) 15% Answer: B 21) According to the best available estimates, social circumstances impact what portion of the populations early death? A) 70% B) 40% C) 30% D) 15% Answer: D 22) The use of the DTP vaccine is an example of which level of prevention? A) Primary prevention B) Secondary prevention C) Tertiary prevention D) Community prevention Answer: A 23) The use of condoms to prevent theShow MoreRelatedPublic Health And Social Health869 Words   |  4 Pages In the 20th century, public health was greatly defined, shaped, and heralded by its’ breakthroughs’ against infectious diseases of the time and other communicable diseases. Stern and global policies supporting mass vaccinations and mass hygienic regulations, both created an environment in which Public Health as a discipline was able to advance and counter the plagues and pandemics of its’ day. Contrastingly, in the 21st century, we are globally being faced with a different kind of animal, chronicRead MoreThe Principles of Public Health822 Words   |  3 PagesWhat are the principles of public health? There are two difference approaches to show the principles of public health. One is including mission, core functions and ten essential services. The other one has 5 public health principles. Firstly, the principles of public health are mission, core functions and ten essential services. The mission is to achieve society’s interest in ensuring people’s health conditions. The core functions are divided into three parts. The first part is assessment. AssessmentRead MoreFracking And The Public Health1230 Words   |  5 PagesHydraulic fracturing or fracking has become a concern both environmentally and in the public health sphere in Western Maryland. In analyzing these ideas, the environment and public health concerns intertwine in a discourse about the relationship on both power and knowledge. Fracking is a new issue for the state of Maryland to consider; therefore dominant narratives on this subject are still being developed and legitimized. Studies have been conducted in other regions around the world to analyze theRead MoreMà ¤ori Public Health:4032 Words   |  17 PagesMà ¤ori Public Health: Ethics A discussion paper Preamble Being asked to write a paper on Mà ¤ori perspectives on Public Health ethics raises issues for me. Some years ago my research colleagues and I invited Moana Jackson to participate in a project on genetic engineering. Our first question for him was along the lines of whether Mà ¤ori had a ‘unique perspective’ on genetic engineering. It was then that we received our lesson about the use of the word ‘perspective’ (Cram, Pihama Philip-BarbaraRead More Global Public Health Essay1671 Words   |  7 PagesAfter 150 years of public health research and intervention, there are bound to be many lessons to draw upon which can provide the insight to guide public health professionals and institutions as they design and implement specific strategies, policies, and measures to increase global resilience for â€Å"complex health emergencies†. Identifying both the modifications to public health systems and looking closely from the history of managing environmental and other threats to the public health sector increasesRead MoreBloombergs Commitment to Public Health741 Words   |  3 PagesBloomberg’s commitment to public health was certainly strong throughout his time as mayor of New York. On the one hand, he understood the importance in addressing some of the largest health issues of our time. On the other however, it seems that many of his policies were made without proper scientific evidence and backing and were made based on his own personal philosophies rather those of the people they affected. He himself said â€Å"I just spent roughly $600 million of my own money to try to stopRead MoreAn International Student Of Public Health Essay1227 Words   |  5 PagesTrying to Fulfil a Dream As an international student, public health is not a major you hear about regularly. As a Middle-Eastern, everyone is expected to pursue a degree in Medicine, Engineering or Pharmacy. I recall the most common question I got asked when I mentioned I was majoring in public health was, â€Å"...so, you are going to be a nurse?† The idea was introduced to me by my mother some years back, who is a physician, who thought it would suit my lifetime general goals. As a child I rememberRead MorePublic Health Issue Of Vaccinations2238 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract This paper examines the controversy surrounding the public health issue of vaccinations in children. Following a careful review of the literature surrounding this issue, the possible reasons for and implications of having a large percentage of the population who remains unvaccinated are discussed. Possible interventions and purposed interventions for resolution of this problem are discussed and conclusions are drawn based on what it learned from the literature. Keywords: controversy, vaccinationsRead MoreHistory of Public Health Essay938 Words   |  4 PagesThe History of Public Health and the Role of the Community/Public Health Nurse Walden University NURS 4010 Section 04, Family, Community, and Population-Based Care 10 / 21 / 2012 The History of Public Health and the Role of the Community/Public Health Nurse Overview Public health, a population-centered nursing had been in existence since the late 1880s under the guise of different names. The focus of public health nursing was on sanitation, communicable diseaseRead MoreApplication Of Public Health Principles823 Words   |  4 PagesApplication of Public Health Principles to Biodefense. Principles of public health are basically the essence and fundamentals of the public health practice. Public health are the sum total measures adopted to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life of the population. Application of the public health principles to biodefense, therefore entails biosurveillance, countermeasure stockpiling and distribution, mass casualty care in the event of bioterrorism, and community resilience (Homeland

Internet Piracy and Its Economic Effects Free Essays

The ongoing dispute over illegal Internet-based file sharing between the entertainment and software industries and the vast, online pirating community has been one of the most debated upon topics that has gripped public attention for the past decade. What was once a single public website created by a college dropout has become an empire of trafficking communities, used by hundreds of millions of people, that robs billions in revenue each year. Although these rogue websites claim to strictly serve only as hosts for illegal file sharing, the United States government must take action to eliminate Internet piracy and protect copyright by implementing digital encryption technologies and strict laws that prohibit tampering these encryptions. We will write a custom essay sample on Internet Piracy and Its Economic Effects or any similar topic only for you Order Now The trafficking of copyrighted goods must be put to an end because it promotes illegal transactions of an owner’s intellectual property, causing sales in the entertainment and software industries to plummet and thereby restricts the growth of the economy. Internet piracy is the unlawful reproduction and/or distribution of any copyrighted digital file without the consent of the owner. It is driven by the consumers demand for a desirable product that would otherwise be unobtainable, either because of financial limitations or cultural factors, such as the Chinese culture’s emphasis that the free sharing of knowledge creates and preserves both civilization and traditional values across generations (Lu 310). Consequently, such a mindset that has caused many people to believe piracy to be the solution to their individual economic problems has resulted in the slow, yet unrelenting destruction of the economy. Spearheaded by several websites hosting millions of users every day, illegal file sharing services have robbed entertainment and software companies of billions of dollars each year and have direct correlations to the current economic depression. The era of internet piracy began in May of 1999 when a college student founded an internet website called Napster that allowed users to upload and download music for free through connected computer networks (Internet Piracy). In the first four months of its initial release, Napster hosted roughly 1 million users (Bach 4). After one year, however, the service became so popular that the Napster community expanded to an unprecedented 20 million users. Though it was eventually charged for copyright infringement and lost a series of legal battles, Napster had already introduced the world to internet piracy. For the first time ever, Napster, in just two years, caused the music industry, specifically in compact disc sales, to steadily lose roughly $500 million in revenue in each preceding year (Bach 5). The damage that these rogue websites have done to the entertainment industry by promoting and hosting file sharing services has been catastrophic. In the fifth annual global piracy study by the Business Software Alliance, BSA discovered that in 2007, â€Å"Worldwide, for every two dollars’ worth of software purchased legally, one dollars’ worth was obtained illegally. BSA) † Not only is internet piracy hurting the economy by dramatically lowering sales in the worldwide market, it is also making it increasingly difficult for artists, developers and their companies to produce new content to stimulate economic growth because of the daunting fact that their product will more likely be copied and redistributed rather than acquired legally through purchase. In the United States music industry, for example, the NPD group reported that only 37% of music acquired by consumers in 2009 was paid for (RIAA). If there is no payout, producers have less incentive to quickly develop new content. Likewise, without the revolving door of investment and revenue, the ability to bring the next generation of talent, such as artists and inventors, to the marketplace is diminished- as is the incentive for the aspiring talent to pursue a full time career in his or her desired industry (Gee 20). Furthermore, a decreasing amount of new products entering the market, coupled with the increasingly scarce number of new talents willing to enter the slumping entertainment industry and the continuously growing pirating community will only add fuel to the pre-existing fire that is the recession. Previously passed bills Protect IP Act and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act have done little in the war against Internet piracy as a majority of the pirating sites have turned to Bit Torrent technology as the method of choice to avoid drawing blame for directly handling intellectual property during illegal transactions. This advanced protocol maximizes transfer speed by gathering pieces of the file you want and downloading these pieces simultaneously from the computers of those who have downloaded from the same source- referred to as â€Å"seeders (Carmack 1, 3). As of 2009, Bit Torrent file sharing has accounted for approximately 43% to 70% of Internet trafficking, making it one of the biggest contributors to the declining entertainment and software industry (Schulze). Although it would be impossible to shut down every rogue website that provides file sharing services, it is possible to prevent consumers from uploading purchased products onto these sites by implementing digital encryption keys that are unique to each product, in which content is distributed not as raw data, but rather inside a secure container (Bach 7). Dubbed â€Å"Digital Rights Management (DRM), † these technologies have already been implemented in America’s motion picture industry and have greatly limited the number of pirated DVD’s. Moreover, digital encryption keys may be able to help stimulate the economy. Consider the notion that a good must be scarce, exclusive and rivalrous in order to draw consumer demand. Now, take into account that illegally copying and redistributing a good on the internet has zero marginal cost. The majority of people would rather commit to the latter instead of paying for said good, therefore eliminating rivalry, scarcity and exclusiveness in the market. If, however, encryption keys were to be equipped to each product, DRM would re-establish excludability and thus an artificial notion of rivalry and scarcity because each product would require a unique key code acquired upon purchasing the good (Bach 9). Companies would have more control over the distribution of its property while consumers can still keep their legally purchased product. What is more, the addition of laws prohibiting the tampering of these keys as well as severe punishment and fines would act as a strong deterrence to piracy. Unless the United States government adopts the ideas of implementing digital encryption technologies and passing strict laws that severely punish those who tamper with these electronic locks, the cycle of economic depression and inflation of products in the market will continue forever. Some may argue that these ideas to reinforce copyright will tip the balance of power away from consumers to the producers and also infringe upon the rights of an individual’s freedom of expression, the right to privacy, and the right to communicate (Lu 299). Yet, implementing key codes and laws to protect them (key codes) in no way limit a person’s right to speech, privacy, nor expression. For instance, a boy named Bob purchases a digital version of the hit song â€Å"Gangnam Style† and really enjoys the instrumental as well as lyrics. Though he cannot upload his copy of â€Å"Gangnam Style†Ã¢â‚¬  to the Internet and share it with others, he may still express his feelings about the song and tell others why he likes it. Bob is not restricted to enjoying the song by himself. In fact, he can post links of his new favorite song to his Twitter, Facebook, or any website; he just cannot distribute HIS copy in any way to anyone else. Though suggested method of protecting copyright may seem like it infringes about human rights, it does not. It merely serves, literally, as a protective cage surrounding your digital content. How to cite Internet Piracy and Its Economic Effects, Essay examples

Analyze The Procurement Methods Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Analyze The Procurement Methods. Answer: Introduction The success of a construction project is usually determined from the initial stages through the procurement process chosen. The procurement process will influence the whole construction process and able to determine the success of the construction projects. This paper will analyze three key procurement methods namely design and construct procurement method, management procurement method and collaborative procurement. This paper will analyse the positive and negative impacts, which are accrued when these methods are adopted in construction projects. Additionally, it will look at the benefits and risks, which the different stakeholders experience when either of the methods is chosen. Procurement methods Design and construct procurement One of the key procurement method, which is gaining popularity in construction projects, is the design and constructs procurement method. As the name suggests, the procurement method can allow the commencement of the construction phase while the design process is still on the process (Victorian State Government, 2006). The adoption of this method is usually done to ensure that the completion of the project is completed in time. Moreover, under this procurement method, different details of the project are given in advance and therefore enhancing the stakeholders planning. Additionally, under this method, the contractor can bear most of the risks in design and implementation of the project. The terms of the contract sum are provided through competitive pricing, which the client can control (Infrastructure Australia, 2012). Under this method, different approaches, which are able to define the relationship and responsibilities of different stakeholders, are usually stated. The following diagrams are able to highlight the different approaches, which are used when this method is applied in a construction project. Advantages Under this method, the client can control only one firm which they enter into a contract with regarding the project. The firm has the responsibility for design and construction of the project. The few stakeholders involved can increase the operational efficiency when implementing projects (Mortledge, Smith, and Kashiwagi, 2006). This is able to enhance the commitment of the resources to one area and limit the time of contacting different people separately such as designers and contractor. Overlapping of activities is possible which enhances the implementation cycle. Time is usually saved when the different activities take place at the same time, and this enhances completion of the project within the stipulated timeline. Moreover, the contractor has a contribution on the design parameters, and this enhances the constructibility of the project. Additionally, the cost of implementation is under control when this method is used. The maximum price is usually determined in the procurement stage, and this ensures that any escalation is met within the set budget. Disadvantages Nevertheless, this method has some key flaws, which are experienced when its chosen to implement construction projects. The project specifications can easily change according to the needs of the client. Since the lump sum cost is fixed, it creates a hard implementation time when the specification changes (National Research Council (U.S.), National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (U.S.), 2016). This can lead to an expensive project than it was anticipated before. Also, this method requires comparison of different designs. This may take a lot of time and therefore take up implementation timeline. Moreover, the client is required to commit to a concept design before the detailed and complete designs are completed. This raises high chances for changes while the project is under implementation stage and making the project expensive (Construction Specifications Institute, 2005). Moreover, the client has to prepare all the contract documents in advance and through this met hod, difficulties may be experienced, where the documents are inadequate and insufficiently comprehensive due to client limitation to prepare them. Benefits to stakeholders Several stakeholders involved in these projects can enjoy when it is chosen to implement a construction project. First, the client has limited risks since the contractor has much of the control of the project. This means that the contractor and not the client will sort out financial escalation. Secondly, the client can receive the completed project on time. This is because overlapping of activities is possible and gives the contractors and subcontractors enough time to beat the project deadline (Construction, 2016). The method enhances proper construction method by the contractor since they were involved in the design stages. This gives them ample time for implementation and enhancing the cooperation of the different ideas. Problems to stakeholders Some of the stakeholders are able to experience some problems when this method is chosen. First, the client is required to prepare the contract document, an exercise, which the client may, not be experienced in doing (Gould Joyce, 2014). The client may experience this problem when preparing the documents. Secondly, the contractor is able to bear all the risks and therefore when the costs exceed the contractor can experience the losses. When changes occur, the cost of the project is able to change but the lump sum cost is unlikely to change and therefore the contractor bears that additional cost. Preferred projects The projects, which their design scopes are unlikely to change, suit this procurement method. In addition, projects whose building is functional rather than prestigious aspects are more stresses suit this method (Gould, 2012). Simple projects, where the technical knowledge is limited suit this method for implementation. Lastly, projects, which require quick implementation, need a procurement method like this to ensure quick implementation. Management procurement Another upcoming procurement method in the construction projects is the management procurement. Under this procurement method, the client can appoint an independent professional team and a management contractor. This team can act as the adviser to the client in the preconstruction stages and able to carry out the construction works during the construction stage (Gould Joyce, 2014). In addition, under this method, different approaches can as well be used. Some of these methods include management contracting, construction management and design and manage. The different stakeholders under this method relate according to the following diagram Management contracting- this method requires the appointment of an independent professional team which will advise the client and later carry out the construction works (Austroads, 2007). Early start of the project can be achieved through this approach. Construction management this approach requires a management contractor who is able to determine the different project aspects (Arain, 2016). Work contractor is also chosen and enhance the implementation of the project works. The management contractor can manage the other contractors. Design and manage A contractor is chosen to head the design and implementation stage of the construction project. The works contractor and consultant take different responsibilities under this approach. Advantages There are different pros, which are achieved using this method. First, the client is able to choose a single firm, which he or she deals with. This enhances the management and coordination from the client perspective (Mortledge, Smith, and Kashiwagi, 2006). Additionally, overlapping of activities is possible through this method and therefore enhancing early completion of the project. Constructability is usually enhanced since the contractor is involved in the design stage when this method is chosen. Competitiveness in tendering process ensures value for money to the client. Additionally, all roles and responsibilities to the different stakeholders are usually stipulated and therefore minimising conflict of interest. Lastly, the flexibility of design is usually possible to suit the client preferences. Disadvantages First, this method is not certain about the cost of the project, and it is only known at the end of the project completion. This means that cost escalation can be able to increase and making the implementation stage hard. Additionally, the client is much involved in the process and therefore requires client who has knowledge of the construction process (Gould, 2012). Additionally, the client is able to lose the control of the design, a responsibility which constructors can take. This means clients needs may not be addressed fully (Harris, Mccaffer Edum-Fotwe, 2013). Lastly, clear definition of the implementation timeline and all information of the project is required before the implementation stage commences, which may be hard to provide. Benefits to stakeholder The client has an easy time in control of the single firm chosen to manage the project. This enhances the collaboration and coordination between the client and implementation team (Fewings, 2013). The methods provide enough time for the contractor to complete the project on time through the overlapping of activities. Additionally, the client can achieve the value of money for the project through the competitive tendering and selection of the implementation team. Each role and responsibility of the stakeholders is to know and therefore enhancing their operation. Problems to stakeholder The client is able to lose the control of the design aspects of the project. This means that their needs may not well articulated as they need. Since the client is not in the design and management part, the end product may not suit their needs (Fewings, 2013). The cost risk is available to the works contractor and the client. Since the cost is uncertain, changes on the cost are likely to occur and therefore likely to suppress the set budget. Informed client about the construction process is a key element to this method. A problem may arise on the management team when the client does not understand these processes. Preferred projects Simple projects, which the clients can understand, are most preferred to be carried out through this method. Projects, which can easily change also, require this method for their implementation. Collaborative procurement Under this method, different stakeholders in the construction project come together. The risks involved in the project are share according to the different responsibilities, which the shareholders have in the project (Gould, 2012). This procurement method requires stakeholders who can share the same ideas and aspects concerning the project. Under this method, the flow of different elements can be represented as in the following diagram. Advantages Transparency level is usually high under this method, and this is a key pro, which this method can bring in procurement sector (Centre for Excellence and Innovation in Infrastructure Delivery, 2010). The different parties are able to collaborate and able to bring the value of money to the project. High resource utilisation is also achieved in this method. Effective implementation of the project is usually achieved through the high consultation in the project. Different ideas are presented enhancing the innovations and implementation of the project. Lastly, due to the high involvement of stakeholders, the projected uncertainty is usually low. Disadvantages This method requires a lot of time during the implementation stage. This may lead to the project timeline to be exceeded (Arain, 2016). The high involvement and coordination require the high trust to the members. This level may not be possible. Opportunistic behaviour may arise and therefore increasing the risk of implementation. Benefits to stakeholders The client can forecast on their needs of the project through the early involvement in design stages (Gould, Joyce, 2013). This enhances the client to prepare and manage their resources for the project implementation. The contractors have an easy time in implementation due to different ideas from stakeholders. The high quality project is achieved for the client through the collaborative ideas. Problems to stakeholders The client may not receive the project on time due to the increased collaboration process. Trust issues among the stakeholders are a problem, which may affect the contractors working (Harris, Mccaffer Edum-Fotwe, 2013). Increased implementation timeline is a risk to the contractor since additional costs may accrue. Preferred project Complex project requires this method to enhance their implementation. Additionally, high project requires this method to take the advantage of different input from different people. Conclusion Procurement methods are key in the implementation of the construction project. The choice of the procurement method depends on the details of the project. Each method has its pros and cons and the areas, which they will perfectly suit to bring the best out of the projects. The different stakeholders can derive different benefits on each method, which is chosen. Additionally, the risk is a key part of the construction process and therefore whichever method is chosen, some problems may be experienced. References (2016). Construction. https://trrjournalonline.trb.org/toc/trr/2573. ARAIN, F. M. (2016). Construction project management research compendium. Volume 6 Volume 6. https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truescope=sitedb=nlebkdb=nlabkAN=1365770. AUSTROADS (2007). Guide to project delivery: part 2: project delivery planning and control, by R Brown and P Robinson, AGPD02/07, Austroads, Sydney, NSW. BALDWIN, A., BORDOLI, D. (2014). A handbook for project planning and scheduling in construction. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1666532. centre for excellence and innovation in infrastructure delivery (2010). Infrastructure procurement options guide, Centre for Excellence and Innovation in Infrastructure Delivery, Western Australia, Perth, WA. CONSTRUCTION SPECIFICATIONS INSTITUTE. (2005). The project resource manual: CSI manual of practice. New York, McGraw-Hill. FEWINGS, P. (2013). Construction project management: an integrated approach. Abingdon, Oxon, Routledge. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1092840. GOULD, F. E. (2012). Managing the construction process: estimating, scheduling, and project control. Boston, Prentice Hall. GOULD, F. E., JOYCE, N. (2014). Construction project management. GOULD, F., JOYCE, N. (2013). Construction Project Management. Upper Saddle River, NJ, Pearson Education. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=4773308. HARRIS, F., MCCAFFER, R., EDUM-FOTWE, F. (2013). Modern construction management. Hoboken, N.J., Wiley-Blackwell. https://www.AUT.eblib.com.au/EBLWeb/patron/?target=patronextendedid=P_1132836_0. INFRASTRUCTURE AUSTRALIA. (2012). Efficiencies in major project procurement: volume 1: Benchmarks for efficient procurement of major infrastructure, Department of Infrastructure and Transport, Canberra, ACT. MORTLEDGE, R., SMITH, A., KASHIWAGI, D.T. (2006). Building Procurement. Blackwell, Oxford, UK. NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL (U.S.)., NATIONAL ACADEMIES OF SCIENCES, ENGINEERING, AND MEDICINE (U.S.),. (2016). Construction. (Transportation research record.) VICTORIAN STATE GOVERNMENT (2006). Project Alliance Practitioners Guide. Department of Treasury and Finance (https://www.dtf.vic.gov.au/projectalliancing)

Global Economy Fiscal Policies in US

The meaning of Fiscal Policy Fiscal policy refers to the use of government revenue and expenditure to influence the economy. It relates to development guidelines where all welfare projects have to be completed. Essentially, fiscal policies influence macroeconomic activities by balancing tax and public spending.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Economy: Fiscal Policies in US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Two examples of these fiscal policies include taxation and government expenditure, which aim at funding development functions, as well as, enhancing equality. Such policies curb inflation, and in the end increase employment and maintain the value of money (Perry 2008). In addition, proper fiscal policies determine the pace of the country’s economic growth. However, should there be a lack of restraint to the economic growth money will soak the market thereby leading inflation. Instrument of fiscal p olicies Taxation policies are the main government techniques for influencing the economy, as well as a weapon for saving a collapsing economy. The government uses taxation and spending to influence economic activities by increasing and reducing it. Taxation is the main source of income for the government. The most common method of taxation is direct taxation. Other forms of taxation include personal taxes, value added tax, fees levied on licenses and permits, as well as, fines. The introduction of tax cuts helps in stimulating aggregate demand (Krug 2011, 34-5). If the government increases taxes, the public will be heavily burdened, which will reduce their production and purchasing power. On the other hand, if the government decreases taxes, money supply will be high. This will then lead to high inflation. A reduction in taxes will increase disposable income and households will end up consuming the money that should have been taxed. An increase in taxes will also affect businesses. It will lower the profit margin and hence lead to an increase in production. Increased production will increase the demand for raw material and laborers. Therefore, there will be an increase in employment and the money earned will increase the level of income in the economy. There is the need to analyze taxation policy in order to avoid inflationary tendencies. Additionally, it is the mandate of all policy makers to use the power vested in them by the state to maintain a stable economy. This is because stability centres on the kind of macroeconomic policies made.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another tool used by the government as fiscal policy is government expenditure, which are recurrent and development. Various development expenditures include opening education institution, building and maintaining infrastructure. On the other hand, recurrent expenditure involves payin g salaries to the civil service and employing a new workforce. An increase in the government expenditure goes to economic development, paying wages and salary, which involves changing the budget. Investing in infrastructure development requires skilled and casual labourers to complete the projects. This creates direct employment opportunities for the people involved in construction work and other indirect opportunities for those supplying services and logistics to the building process. The employed citizens, either directly or indirectly, earn wages and salaries, which increase their ability to purchase goods, and hence an increase in aggregated demand. In addition, the government can increase spending on education hence increase the skills and knowledge of its citizens. In the end, government will increase the employment to its people. Deficit financing policy is another example of fiscal policy, although not popular. This happens when the government expenditure is more than its re venue; the deficit can be filled when and if the central bank decides to issue new currency (Baumol Blinder 1994). It will reduce the purchasing power of the masses hence inflation and in the end, the value of currency will increase. The government can opt for domestic borrowing as a solution when it feels that deficit financing is insufficient. This is by issuing government securities and bonds; however, it will increase the cost of budget in the form of interest. Fiscal policies, if not sustained carefully, increases inflation and the rate of unemployment. The fiscal policy stance in the 2011-2012 Federal Budget The government implemented the contractionary fiscal policy by spending lower than the tax revenue. This is usually because of the pay down of government debt, which saw the 2011/2012 budget with many significant cuts. This is an indication that the government is using fiscal policies as a means of stimulating growth. This policy affected the dependent spouse tax as a bud getary component thus stimulates aggregate demand. This move will save the government an amount of $755 million (Australian budget services, 2011). Additionally, $1.1 will be saved by raising the public sector dividends and a further $470 by scrapping off low income tax offset. Businesses have not been spared, since those with a turnover of $2 million and below are written off on any motor purchases.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Global Economy: Fiscal Policies in US specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is a noted increase in spending on the health and education sectors. Notably, the government will offset this by executing sharp cuts on defense expenditure in order to enhance operational competence in the communal service. In addition, other measures will affect natural disaster expenditure ($1.2bn this year), and the flood levee (raising $1.5bn). The government’s transfer payment policy such as une mployment benefits, social security funds to the elderly, and payments made to the poor had cuts. Consequently, reducing the transfer payment will reduce the amount of disposable income to those involved. Suitability of the Australian government’s fiscal policy stance By reducing the government’s expenditure, the banks will be willing to lend to the government because of the increase in liquidity. This will reduce the yearly government debt, consequently reducing the total public sector debt. Arguably, cutting government expenditure will reduce borrowing, which is dangerous and can downgrade the bond market. Notably, current research points out that one-dollar of tax cuts can increase G.D.P by $3, compared to a supplementary dollar of government expenditure increasing GDP by $1.40. Reducing government expenditure also reduces the level of inflation, because little money remains in circulation (Russell Heathfield 1999). Introducing infrastructure tax benefits is also j ustified and appropriate. The government cut on the infrastructure can affect productive capacity in the end. Notably, introduction of the benefits has opened the opportunity for private investors willing to invest in infrastructure development to proceed. This will ensure improved infrastructure, which will lead to increased business activities. Increasing expenditure on health and education has increased the skills and knowledge on its citizen. Essentially, this will increase the employment to the people, as well as their disposable income (Symes 1995). Increasing government expenditure will bolster economic growth by increasing the disposable income. Alternatively, the private sector should offer these essential services to the masses at minimal cost. However, quality should not be compromised. Privatizing the airports, postal services, and improving the educational sector should be strategic by shifting to a model that is based on competition and choice.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The government’s transfer payment policy such as unemployment benefits, social security funds to the elderly, and payments made to the poor had cuts. The transfer payment will reduce the amount of disposable income to the individuals involved hence justifiable. List of References Australian budget services, 2011, Federal Budget. Web. Baumol, W Blinder, S, 1994, Economics: principles and policy, 6th Edn, Dryden Press, Fort Worth. Krug, S, 2011, Optimal Taxation in a Federal System of Governments, GRIN Verlag GmbH, München. Perry, E, 2008, Fiscal policy, stabilization, and growth: prudence or abstinence?, World Bank, Washington, DC. Russell, M Heathfield, F, 1999, Inflation and UK monetary policy, 3rd Edn., Heinemann, Oxford. Symes, V 1995, Unemployment in Europe: problems and policies, Routledge, London. This essay on Global Economy: Fiscal Policies in US was written and submitted by user Cable to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Hermeneutical Critique on the Conquest and Occupation Essay Example

A Hermeneutical Critique on the Conquest and Occupation Essay Example A Hermeneutical Critique on the Conquest and Occupation Essay A Hermeneutical Critique on the Conquest and Occupation Essay 95-100. [ 10 ]. Awala Longkumer, â€Å"Voices of the Indigenous People,† in National Council of Churches Review (March 2006): 52-54. [ 11 ]. Murali Dhar Majhi, â€Å"Cultural Rights of Indigenous People,† in Social Action: A Quarterly Review of Social Trends vol. 60 (Oct-Dec 2010): 406-407. [ 12 ]. P. J. Sonjeeva Raj, â€Å"The Call of the Indigenous People,† in Asia Journal of Theology, vol. 10 (April 1996):64-65. [ 13 ]. She connects them with their past (as the home of the ancestors), with the present (as provider of their materials need), and with the future (as the legacy they hold in trust for their children and grandchildren). In this way, indigenousness carries with it a sense of belonging to a place. [ 14 ]. The idea that the land can be owned, that it can belong to someone even when left unused, uncared for, or uninhabited is foreign to indigenous peoples, they are holding land collectively for the community. [ 15 ]. Pushpa Joseph, â€Å"Indigenous Knowledge for Survival A Descriptive Enquiry,† in Jeevandhara : A journal For Socio-Religious Research XXXIX/ 229 (January-2009): 82. [ 16 ]. Ivan Cardinal Dias, â€Å"Identities, Aspirations and Destines of Indigenous Peoples of India,† in Understanding Tribal Cultures: for effective education, edited by Joseph Anikuzhikattil et. l. , (New Delhi: Commission For Education and Culture, 2003), 265. [ 17 ]. Seram Rojesh, â€Å"Whither Indigenous Peoples and their Culture? † in Social Action: A Quarterly Review of Social Trends vol. 60 (October-December 2010): 364-365. [ 18 ]. They believed that each piece of land had its own Baal who helped it to produce good crops. The baal could be worshipped only on his own plot of land, and if a man moved to another district he was compelled to offer worship and gifts to the baal of the district to which he had moved. [ 19 ]. In those days there was no yeast to make bread rise when it was baked, they discovered that if they kept a piece of dough from one week’s baking and allowed it to go sour, it would happen as this went on. If this went on it would make the bread unpleasant to eat. In order to break this chain and make a fresh start, week’s baking was done without the addition of any sour dough, and therefore the bread did not rise: it was ‘unleavened’. [ 20 ]. Elsie Broadie, The Chosen Nation; Book one; Founders and Leaders (Headington Hill Hall: The Religious Education Press, 1968), 71-73. [ 21 ]. C. G. Libolt, â€Å"Canaanites,† in The International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia vol. 1, edited by Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1979), 4589. [ 22 ]. K. Thanzauva, â€Å"Tribal/Indigenous Interpretation of the Bible: A Keynote Address,† in Tribal Theology And the Bible: A Search for Contextual Relevance, edited by Ynagkahao Vashum (Jorhat: Eastern Theological College, 2011), 20-23. [ 23 ]. Limatula Longkumer, Tribal Feminist Reading of the Bible, Tribal Theology and The Bible: A Search for Contextual Relevance, edited by Yangkahao Vashum (Jorhat: Eastern Theological College, 2011), 140-141. 24 ]. B. J. Syiemlieh, â€Å"Contextual Interpretation of The New Testament in Northeast India: A search for Principles and Methods,† in Tribal Theology and The Bible: A Search for Contextual Relevance, edited by Yangkahao Vashum (Jorhat: Eastern Theological College, 2011), 42. [ 25 ]. J. G. Mc Convillle, â€Å"Joshua, Book of,† in the Dictionary for Theological Interpretation of the Bible, et. al. , Kevin. J. Vanhoozer (Michigan: Baker Book House, 2005), 400. [ 26 ]. Laiu Fachhai, The Land Must Be Distributed Equally: The Promise and Covenant Aspects of Land in the Old Testament (ISPCK: Delhi, 2009), 23. [ 27 ]. Walter C. Kaiser, A History of Israel: From the Bronze Age Through The Jewish Wars (USA: Broadman and Hollman Publisher, 1998), 145. [ 28 ]. A. Wati Longchar, â€Å"Tribal Theology: Issues, Method and Perspective,† in Journal of Tribal Studies, vol. 1 (December 1997): 76-80. [ 29 ]. Peter Ignatius, â€Å"Interpretative Theories of Israelite Settlement,† in Jeevadhara: The Struggle for the Past: Historiography Today XXXII/187 (January 2002): 95-106. [ 30 ]. Temsuyanger, â€Å"Israelite Tribal As Resistance And Revolt Against Domination: Some Insights For Coalition Politics In Contemporary India,† in Journal of Tribal Studies, . XII/2 (July-December 2007): 76-88. 31 ]. He was a rather shadowy figure who was worshiped as the â€Å"father of man† and the â€Å"father of year†. A stele unearthed at Ras Sharma showed him seated upon a throne with a hand upraised in blessing, while the ruler of Ugarit presented a gift to him. [ 32 ]. R. K. Harrison, Old Testament Ti mes (Massachusetts: Hendrickson Publishers, 1970), 162. [ 33 ]. Antonius H. J. Gunneberg, â€Å"Israel,† in Encyclopedia of Christianity, edited by Geoffrey W. Bromiley, Vol. 2 E-I (Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2001), 769. [ 34 ]. Their offering was the fertility deity Baal, sometimes known as Haddu (Hadad, the god of rain and storm. He succeeded El as the reigning king of the Canaanite pantheon, and lived in the lofty mountainous regions of the remote northern heavens. A stele from ancient Ugarit portrayed him in his role of storm deity. His titles included the epithets Zabul (Lord of the earth) and Aliyn (the one who prevails), the latter being prominent in Ugaritic poetic literature. The theme of the Baal and Anat cycle was that of his struggle with Mot, the deity of misfortune, who had challenged the kingship of Baal. The latter descended to the Underworld realm of Mot, and there was slain. When his death was followed by a seven-year cycle of famine, Anat, the consort of Baal, revenged herself by killing Mot, after which she planted his body in the ground. Aliyn Baal then recovered, and a seven-year period of prosperity ensued, followed once more by the resurgence of Mot. The depraved nature of Canaanite religion is indicated by the character of Anat, the sister-spouse of Baal, who was variously identified with Astarte, Asherah, and Ashtoreth in cultic worship. An Egyptian text of the New kingdom period described Anat and Astarte as â€Å"the great goddesses who conceive but do not bear. The Canaanites evidently regarded their fertility goddesses as combinations of virgins and begetters of life, and they spoke of Anat in her role of sacred prostitute as â€Å"qudshu,† â€Å"the holy one. † This term is somewhat related to the Biblical term for â€Å"holy,† but it is important to realize that among Semitic peoples generally the idea of â€Å"holine ss† was applied to anything that had been dedicated to the service of a deity. [ 35 ]. P. E. Satterthwaite and D. W. Baker, â€Å"Nation of Canaan,† in Dictionary of the Old Testament Pentateuch, edited by T. Desmond Alexander and David W. Baker (Illinois: Inter Varsity Press, 1984), 600-605. [ 36 ]. Walter C. Kaiser, A History of Israel: From the Bronze Age Through The Jewish Wars †¦ 147. [ 37 ]. Lucien Legrand, The Bible on Culture; Belong or Dissenting? (Bangalore: Theological Publications in India, 2001), 6-8. [ 38 ]. Walter C. Kaiser, A History of Israel: From the Bronze Age Through The Jewish Wars †¦ 145. [ 39 ]. Yangkahao Vashum, â€Å"Colonialism, Christian Mission and Indigenous: An Examination from Asian Indigenous,† in Journal of Theologies and Cultures in Asia, Vol. 78 (2008/2009): 75-78. [ 40 ]. A. R. Ceresko, â€Å"Potsherds and Pioneers: Recent Research on the Origin of Israel,† Indian Theological Studies, vol. 34 (1997): 11. [ 41 ]. Awala Longkumer, â€Å"Experience of the Context: Socio-Political, Historical and Cultural Context of the Tribal,† in Critical Issues in Mission Among Tribals, edited by Awala Longkumer (Nagpur: NCCI, 2011), 36-37 [ 42 ]. K. C. Abraham, â€Å"Towards An Indian Christian Identity,† in Christian Identity and Cultural Nationalism: Challenges and Opportunities, edited E. C. John Samson Prabhakar (Bangalore: BTESSC/ SATHRI, 2008), 23-29. [ 43 ]. A. Wati Longchar, â€Å"Tribal Theology: Issues, Method and Perspective,† , 76-80.

Discrimination Against African-Americans Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Discrimination Against African-Americans - Essay Example As a result, the lives of the Negros adopted inferiority complex, lower class status, oppression, and lack of basic resources to build their lives. This paper will thus reflect on the topic discrimination against the African- American in this period stipulated in the book, The Souls of Black Folk  by Du Bois, W. E. Burghardt. The paper will reflect and discuss the various forms of discrimination against the Negros as shown in this book. There was utmost discrimination regarding the accordance of education between the African- American youths and the American youths. Indeed, the whites qualified Washington submissions to have a narrow education background. The Negros youths education basis was reliant on industrial training, as they could not access higher education. In light of this, there was steady withdrawal of financial aid meant for higher training of the Negros1. Washington advocates for a common school and industrial training. Actually, Negro- common schools only existed whe re teachers got training from Negro colleges or by their graduates. Similarly, the Negro slaves could not access basic education and would live in separation from their relatives. This is because the whites believed that basic or formal education would help the slaves to know their rights and would possibly revolt or escape. This segregation in the provision of education amounts to discrimination. Where Negros could not access higher education and were only reliant on industrial training, this limited them to normal jobs and provision of hard labor in the white farms. The Negros could not access formal employment since their education background was narrow and not relevant in the white color jobs. This called for provision of education to the youths on basis of ability, common schools, enough well- equipped colleges, and universities. This would enable the adequate training of the Negro youths as teachers, political leaders, and professionals. In absence of this, the Negros would re main in hard labor, low wages, no access to formal jobs and political leadership. Indeed, the denial to equal chances of education is the primary source of all other discriminations on African- Americans. There was discrimination in according the civil rights2. This was evident in the distinct way the whites treated the Negros. The Negro slaves got severe treatments that included capital punishments from their white masters. Indeed civil rights were subject to race, economic class, and political power. Where the Negros suffered civic inferiority, belonged to the lowest economic class, and had no access to political power, their civic rights were subject to jeopardy3. Actually, they faced discrimination in registering for citizenship where stringent measures against them were present and even getting legal representation was still challenging. There was abuse or denial on most of their basic human rights like right to education, equal resources, citizenship, representation, and assoc iation. The rights of the whites were more favored. Hence, they did not enjoy civil equality and thus missed on the equal share of resources. As a result, they lost their self –respect and dignity, were intimidated, could not venture in meaningful opportunities, and got rare representation in the national government. This accordance of civil rights in relation to race and class was the strongest discrimination that

Should Juveniles be tried as adults Research Paper

Should Juveniles be tried as adults - Research Paper Example The basis for trial in these courts was on there are rather than the crime committed. However, in the 20th century, there has been a change on perception of these courts. For example, in the last two decades of the 20th century, there was rethinking on the roles of these courts (Khan 1). Hence, the topic has been controversial in the recent time. Some of the public were calling for establishment of tough law to the juveniles and even trying them as adults. The change in opinions made it possible for some states to make laws that ensured treatment of youthful offenders as adults. This has been done through the modification of the age of juvenile court jurisdiction (Children’s Action Alliance 7). The age reduction has been implemented in states such as New York and North Carolina. In these states, the age of jurisdiction by courts have been reduced to 16 years (Children’s Action Alliance 7). Other states have come up with recommendations of doing away with juvenile courts . On the other hand, there are those that have a strong opposition to trying juveniles as adults. The paper focus on reasons why juveniles should not be tried as adults and refute. Juveniles should not be tried like adults, as their thinking capacity is not full developed. Most of the practices in the society shows that those under the age of eighteen cannot in any way compared to adult. A research carried out has shown that teenager’s brains are not developed like that of adults (Khalid 1). In the society, there are restrictions on drinking, use of tobacco, voting, and some other social activities to youth under eighteen years of age (Baruwa 109). The restriction is due to inability of adolescents of making mature and responsible decisions to some of these things in society. Moreover, the restriction may be due to lack of experience of adolescents in life. The characteristics are an indication that adolescents are in the process of developing to maturity. The

America The Most Powerful Nation Media Essay

America The Most Powerful Nation Media Essay America is arguably, the most powerful nation on Earth, having one of the largest military forces and in addition to this, American culture saturates the market, almost drowning out cultural exports from other countries, both developed and developing, this cultural overshadowing of the rest of the globe allows America to, in effect be the power house of the entire World. There is not a major urban metropolis on the planet without a McDonalds or a Starbucks. This Globalisation has also helped to cement Americas position as the most powerful nation on Earth. Many authors have attempted to identify precisely why and how America achieved this fantastical global domination, including Ziauddin Sardar who lists The Ten Laws of American Mythology in his text, American Dream/Global Nightmare. Rather than examine every one of Sardars laws of American Mythology, I have instead decided to merely look at five examples and see if they support Sardar claims that every citizen in the world is a citizen of America. Sardars first law of American Mythology is that; Fear is Essential (Sardar, 2004, pp.21) and living in this modern age of terror, it is hard not to see that law applied across the Globe. Terrorists, so we are told, can strike anywhere, at anytime and can be absolutely anyone. This atmosphere of fear and distrust, very similar to that which was created under McCarthy in America in the Nineteen Fifties, or even ironically under Stalin in Communist Russia. Sardar states that; To live in America is to be beset by fear, anxiety and insecurity, to be surrounded by potential harm, enemies and evil intent. (Sardar, 2004, pp.21) This fear of terrorism and general atmosphere of fear is supported by the news media, who spend the entirety of their time either reporting on stupid n onsense, of absolutely zero interest or significance on anyones life, which is also an American influence, worship of the cult of celebrity, or alternatively forming a state of fear, creating folk devils and moral panics, much as they did with hoodies in the early years of the Twenty-First Century, or punks before that in the Nineteen Seventies. Sardars second law of Americana also supports the theory that everyone is a citizen of America; Escape is the reason for being (Sardar, 2004, pp.21) Sardar states that America was created for people; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in search of room to breathe, in search of a place to recreate themselves and shape a new lifestyle free from constraints. (Sardar, 2004, pp.21) This especially applies in the modern world where escapism seems to be virtually everyones ultimate goal, people can even have entire virtual lives on the internet, generally playing American made games. Even if someone decides to experience some escapism at a lower level, maybe some light reading or watching a film, chances are they are American made as well, and will almost undoubtedly portray an American bias, either in the spellings, or the pronunciations or possibly even just the cultural standards that everyone needs to reference in order to fully appreciate and enjoy a work of art. War is a necessity (Sardar, 2004, pp.25) America is probably the most pro war nation on the planet, having, in the last twenty years, sent troops into: Iraq , Somalia, Yugoslavia, Afghanistan, The Philippines, Iraq again and most recently Libya. As Sardar states; Even before 9/11, [America] had waged war on over half the nations of the globe. [Americas] economy is a war economy. Its science and technology is deeply entrenched in the military machine. (Sardar, 2004, pp.25) Arguably most of the wars in Americas recent history, havent even been waged for ideological reasons, or for any necessary reason, but instead for money, and to further advance or merely enable the atmosphere of terror that Sardar identified in his first law. Sardars seventh and eighth laws, namely that; Cinema is the engine of empire and that; Celebrity is the common currency of empire (Sardar, 2004, pp.24) both support his theory; The [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] notion that America is the idea of nation, was formalised and made manifest in cinema. And this standardised, industrialised, manufactured product became Americas greatest export, the idea of Self it represented to the world, and through which it demonised, appropriated and brought other cultures within its own purview. (Sardar, 2004, pp.24) The dominance of America in the world of Cinema is staggering, as well as owning one of the worlds greatest movie-making and movie exporting locations, Hollywood. In the very early days of cinema almost all films were American made, and this legacy has not gone away, the film world is incredibly America-centric, and so of course the country itself profits greatly from this exportation of film. In addition to being the location of the movie capital of the world, American films are translated and shipped all over the world. As well as this, many big American films are simply remade by large foreign studios, such as Bollywood. However, this trend has begun to reverse in recent years, with the apparent lack of original thinking in Hollywood leading to an exceptional number of remakes of foreign films. It is impossible to speak about American films, without mentioning celebrities, the passengers for whom these vehicles are crafted. American celebrities, and celebrities in general all over the world, perform little basic function in the real world but are universally praised regardless of their talent or charisma, and there is no shortage of opportunities to applaud them, such as the Oscars, as Sardar states; They are collective ritual where obeisance is made to the engine of empire. The ritual performance of the Oscar ceremony is a demonstration of global power and domination that will provide headlines, column inches and immense economic rewards around the globe for the year to come. (Sardar, 2004, pp.24-25) There is little doubt that America has a massive effect on the rest of the world and on citizens of all nationalities, but especially upon Great Britain. America has dragged Britain into many ill-ventured Wars in the last two decades, including; Iraq, Afghanistan, and most recently Libya. How many of these military ventures would Great Britain have been involved in if not for America and the special relationship that exists between the two countries. There are many possible reasons for this to have occurred, not least of which, in my opinion, is due to fear on the part of British politicians and leaders, fear of America and the power that America can wield, after all fear is essential according to Sardar. However the War on Terror was not something that purely affected America, while the destruction of the World Trade Centre was undoubtedly a tragedy and spurred America into taking action against virtually the entire of the Middle East and a large portion on the rest of the world, there were also other terrorist attacks on major European capital cities, there was the bombing of the London Underground and the number 30 Bus on the Seventh of July 2005, and the bombing of the Cercanias in Madrid on the Eleventh of March 2004, but it was definitely America that led the charge against the perceived threat of terrorism. However America did nothing when there were terrorist attacks that did not affect or threaten them, such as the campaign by the Real Irish Republican Army; including the Banbridge bombing on the First of August 1998, and the Omagh bombing of the Fifteenth of the same month, even continuing their hands-off attitude towards world security when the Real IRA began their campaign against London in the year 2000. But maybe this carelessness on the part of America was for the best as their response to terrorism has been heavy handed at best, War on Terror has already become deeply embedded in laws, policies, and the practices of government agencies, But nearly eight years since the 9/11 attacks, US charities are still treated as a threat to security. Although, the change in administration in Washington gave hope that the US government would adopt more measured responses to the threat of terrorism, (Howell, 2009. Pp53) Another way in which America is slowly but surely wearing away any sense of individuality in any other country is Globalisation and the impact that America has on the rest of the world economically. The recent economic crisis that has plagued the entirety of the world, has its roots in America, on Wall Street, and the greed of American bankers sending the world economy into a meltdown. Much like the Wall Street Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression that followed it, the economy of the entire world looks to Wall Street for its cues, economically, and when that collapses the entire world follows suit, not just in the United Kingdom, across the entirety of Europe national economies have collapsed completely and require bailing out. This is in contrast to the way in which America affected so many countries before the breakdown, with its material security; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the availability and expansion of material security and comfort enabled early American social patterns and culture to expand and solidify, to both delineate and spread an American national character. With growth, more people could participate in that distinctive culture more fully and could become more American (Fischer, 2010) This greed of America has other less deep effects, rather than the drastic nature of an economic meltdown, the desire for greater profits means that many American companies subcontract work abroad, where they have to pay workers less money for doing the same work; Most American computer firms now subcontract basic work to Bangalore, (Wes, 1996, pp.49) The ultimate result of this is that foreign workers have a loyalty to America for providing them work and allowing them to feed their families, and as they have to speak the language and think about America for the majority of their day. Inevitably American culture and sensibilities work their way into the daily life of these foreign workers. Americas globalisation is not only confined to high street outlets, as was mentioned in my introduction, but in actual fact goes much deeper than that. The majority of household brands consumed in England are American in origin, such as Mars, and every subsidy of that which comprises most of the chocolate eaten in the country and Coke and Pepsi which together produce the majority of all soft drinks. Even brands which ostensibly appear to be British are in fact American, such as the fact that ASDA is actually owned by Wal-Mart. Globalization as an economic phenomenon has been the dominant force for economic integration and the main driver of growth worldwide for many decades, although the speed of globalization- taken to include trade, finance, flows of information and technology, and offshoring- is unprecedented in modern economic history. The increased economic interconnections between countries are widely credited as one of the driving forces that significantly reduced poverty in China and Vietnam, enabled the poorer nations of Europe to ride the European Union train to higher incomes, and gave hope to some African countries. (Spence, M. 2010. Pp 4) However, as Spence states, Globalisation is not merely a one way system with America pushing its culture onto the rest of the world, there are many other cultures with a huge influence over the worldwide ethos, such as Japan and the huge influence Manga and Anime have over the fields of western animation and comic books, or the influence of J-Pop and J-Rock on music or the fashion sensibilities of Japans youth subcultures. It certainly appears that America has a far greater influence on other cultures than any other country, but I believe that this is simply because America is, comparatively, a newer country, having only existed independently for two-hundred and thirty-five years, and rather than gradually coming into being like most other countries, America came into being with a bang with the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4th 1776. Therefore, rather than gradually affecting neighbouring countries through occupation or the spread of changing languages, the use of foreign words in the English language is not seen as dominance of other cultures, American culture has had a much more sudden influence on the rest of the world. In regards to language, American words; sidewalk instead of pavement and American spellings of English words; color instead of colour for example have for the most part completely failed to influence the English language in any way. However there are many words in the English language which are actually foreign words in origin, for example French, abandon, abattoir and abbreviation, and German words such as, zeitgeist. However this may be due to historical concerns, the American language is essentially a slight variation on the English language which would explain why there has been little influence, and the fact that approximately thirty percent of the words in a standard English dictionary have a French origin is due to the Norman conquest in the 11th Century. Another reason for the dominance of American culture is the fact that, as a nation, America has entered the Empire building stage of their development during a time in which Empire building is strongly discouraged by the international community, all other countries that have had extensive Empires; Rome, Great Britain and Mongolia, greatly spread their culture around the Globe through sheer force and domination of the natives. Whereas America has to be more subtle in the ways in which American culture is spread, it is no longer acceptable to conquer a country and force the local populace to speak your language and follow your customs, so America has to make itself seem like the ideal, Sardar in fact refers to this with the title of his essay; American Dream/ Global Nightmare The American Dream in many ways, is the ultimate goal of every person on the globe, regardless of nationality or creed, to be allowed to support yourself and live how you want to live, but by naming it The America n Dream gives the impression that to be American is in itself the ultimate goal, this dream can only be achieved in America, The Land of the Free supposedly. However I do not believe that this submission to American cultural dominance is a necessity as Sardar claims it is, while it would undoubtedly be difficult to remove all American influences from your life, it would not be impossible. American culture is not as essential to life as oxygen or food or water, but the influence it has, both directly; such as the import of American brands and culture, like books and films, and also indirectly; such as the influences that American culture has had on books and films created in other countries, for example, as was mentioned earlier in this essay, the news media now reports either stupid nonsense of terrifying stories of horrific violence. This has come from an American influence, the cult of the celebrity is definitely American in origin, and possibly serves to fill the void left by the lack of a monarchy. In conclusion I believe that while America undoubtedly has a massive influence on the rest of the world and that the difference between American and non-American citizens is rapidly decreasing, but that doesnt mean that everyone is becoming an American citizen, it merely means that everyone is a citizen of the World. The increasing availability and dominance of technology means that communication across the world is now incredibly simple and the dominance of the internet means that practically anyone can interact with anyone else on the globe without actually having to meet them. In addition to this, Nietzsches Death of God, and the increasing redundancy of National Identity means that there is very little loyalty to either country or religion, only loyalty to ones self and ones family, this in itself is Americas greatest influence over the rest of the world. This combination of atheism and almost a self loathing of your country of origin, is what is causing many people to seem like American citizens, even when they are not. Americas worldwide domination is undoubtedly on the decline, the rising powers of India and China are threatening Americas hold over the culture of the world, in addition to this, Americas military imperialism is causing many people, both in America and throughout the World, to question the way in which the country is run, the torture committed at Guantanamo Bay and the suspension of civil liberties in the name of fighting terrorism is causing America to be painted as the real villain of the World building on the image sketched out by the war in Vietnam and the Watergate scandal. The blind, heartfelt patriotism of Americans who willingly went to die on foreign soil in the Second World War for Uncle Sam and Moms Apple Pie is well and truly dead, modern Americans are much more likely to question their country and their place in the world as is exemplified by the work of modern artists; such as film directors and rappers.